翻譯：李兆翔 審訂：閻亞寧、傅朝卿
本宣言反映國際文化紀念物與歷史場所委員會對於遺產與民主精神作為以人為本趨向的永續發展之關鍵要素之承諾。
文化遺產是全人類的基本權利和責任。這是一個具意義且平等，確保並宣揚所有文化多樣性、社會參與、以及平等和正義之未來的重要起點。
This Declaration reflects a commitment by ICOMOS to Heritage and Democracy as key ingredients in a people-based approach to sustainable development. Heritage is a fundamental right and responsibility of all. It is a starting point for a meaningful and equitable future that secures and celebrates diversity, social engagement, equality and justice for all cultures.
前言Preamble
認知遺產構成了提高生活品質和社會凝聚力，是一個快速變遷的全球環境中，促進經濟發展的一種關鍵資源。
Acknowledging that heritage constitutes a key resource in enhancing quality of life and social cohesion, fostering economic development in a fast-changing global environment,
體認 遺產是一項基本人權，
Recognising heritage as a fundamental human right,
理解 民主精神賦予國家、社群和個人權利與義務，
Considering that democracy gives both rights and duties to individuals, communities and nations,
進一步理解 相互尊重、多樣性、多元性、融合以及和平共處的迫切性；並理解所有各自具有其獨特遺產之文化，在實踐個別信念和維護多元文化遺產上的權利，
體認 世界許多地方的遺產，由於衰敗、消逝、抹滅或粗劣對待，日益遭受威脅，此舉將使個人、群體和國家作為人類的一個整體一事陷入困境，
Recognising that heritage is increasingly threatened in many parts of the world by deterioration, disappearance, erasure or poor treatment, which impoverishes individuals, groups, nations and humankind as a whole,
意識到 由於氣候變遷，海平面上升，蓄意破壞和武裝衝突所帶來的額外威脅，並體認遺產防災，減災和增強回復力的需求，
Realising the additional threats caused by climate change, rising sea levels, deliberate destruction and armed conflicts; and recognizing the need for risk preparedness, disaster mitigation and increased resilience,
考量到 人口遷徙和人口增長的現實狀況，
Taking into account the reality of human migration and population growth,
尊重 在由貢獻於一個地方遺產整體的創造之多種多樣社群所居住的各種地理區域中，一個以人為本的文化專業趨向，
Respecting a people-centric culture-specific approach in various geographical regions inhabited by a multitude of diverse communities who have contributed to the creation of the composite heritage of a place,
體認 數位科技和通訊傳播服務，在當前遺產管理中所扮演的角色，
Recognising the role that digital technologies and communications now play in heritage management,
重申 以現有與遺產相關的國際公約，建議文和其他文件等，作為理解和處置的依據，
Recalling the existing international conventions, recommendations and other documents concerning heritage as a basis for understanding and treatment,
以及
And
強調 透過社群發展的過程，將遺產專業知能與多學科協力納入決策一部分的必要性。
Emphasizing the need for professional heritage expertise and multidisciplinary cooperation as an integral part of policy-making throughout the community-development processes.
國際文化紀念物與歷史場所委員會謹代表所有參與的成員，向聯合國，聯合國教科文組織和其他相關國際機構，各國各級政府和有關當局，教育和研究機構，非政府組織，特別是地方層級的個人和群體，以及所有其他利害關係者，提出：
On behalf of the peoples we serve, ICOMOS addresses the UN, UNESCO and other relevant international bodies, all levels of government and authorities in individual countries, institutions for education and research, non-governmental organisations and, in particular, individuals and groups of people at the local level, as well as all other stakeholders:
一、為我們的共同未來進行遺產資源管理：價值，重大意義與真實性
Manage heritage resources for our common future : Values, significance and authenticity
遺產的概念已從既往的文化紀念物，建築群和歷史場所大幅擴展；涵蓋了場域、更大更複雜的區域和景觀，及其無形的層面。此一發展反映出遺產更多樣化的趨向。遺產是屬於所有人類的；包括男女老少、原住民、不同種族與信仰體系的人們、以及少數民族。它是如此顯著於各種場所，從古代至現代；從鄉村到城市；從細微的、日常的和實用性的；也包含了紀念性的以及菁英階級的。遺產涵蓋了價值體系、信仰、傳統和生活方式，以及其連帶的用途、習俗、實踐和傳統知識。成就了許多連結、意義、記錄、相關聯的地點和物件。這是更以人為本的趨向。
The concept of heritage has widened considerably from monuments, groups of buildings and sites to also include settings, larger and more complex areas and landscapes and their intangible dimensions. This reflects a more diverse approach. Heritage belongs to all people; men, women, and children; indigenous people; ethnic groups; people of different belief systems; and minority groups. It is evident in places ancient to modern; rural and urban; the small, everyday and utilitarian; as well as the monumental and elite. It includes value systems, beliefs, traditions and lifestyles, together with uses, customs, practices and traditional knowledge. There are associations, meanings, records, related places and related objects. This is a more people-centred approach.
遺產應根據其重大意義進行管理。文化資產的管理必須考慮到整體性和真實性。
Heritage should be managed in accordance with significance. Integrity and authenticity must be considered in the management of cultural assets.
對不同文化表現的相互理解和包容，可以增加生活品質和社會凝聚力。它們提供了學習、公平的互動和積極參與的機會，並具有強化社群連結和減少衝突的潛力。
Mutual understanding and tolerance of diverse cultural expressions add to quality of life and social cohesion. They provide an opportunity for learning, impartial interaction and active engagement, and have the potential to reinforce community bonds and reduce conflicts.
遺產和歷史場所的動力是吸引創意產業、企業、居民和遊客以及經濟成長和繁榮之環境的首要資源。
The heritage and dynamics of historic places are primary resources for attracting creative industries, businesses, inhabitants and visitors, and an environment for economic growth and prosperity.
遺產立法保護是各級政府的責任。這應該尊重各社群和地方之間的連結；功能的連續性；並將遺產保存維護目標納入發展計畫措施之中。在評估和平衡潛在衝突的意見和利益的情況下，遺產管理和規劃法規在知會利害關係人，評估和平衡潛在衝突的意見和利益時，必須要有透明的制度。
Legislative protection of heritage is the responsibility of all levels of government. This should respect connections between communities and place; functional continuities; and include conservation objectives in development initiatives. Heritage management and planning regulations require transparent systems for informing stakeholders, assessing and balancing potentially conflicting views and interests.
二、發展遺產倫理原則以及遺產教育：指導方針，透明決策與實踐
Develop ethical principles and education for heritage: Guidance, informed decisions and practices
建立倫理原則以引導遺產的保存維護和管理。這些原則包括詮釋、調適、介入和維持複雜的遺產系統和場所，並應當納入地方社群參與，並且考慮有助於地方演進的歷史層面。
Ethical principles should be established to guide heritage conservation and management. This includes interpretation, adaptation, intervention, and sustaining complex heritage systems and places, and should engage the local communities and consider the historic layers that contribute to the evolution of the place.
對遺產資源心智與實質的接觸，賦予人們守護它的力量。傳統知識和專業技能可以構成社群的重要資源，增進價值理解、地方感和遺產意識。
Intellectual and physical access to heritage resources empowers people to safeguard it. Traditional knowledge and professional expertise constitute important resources for communities, adding to the understanding of values, sense of place, and awareness.
每個遺產學科的專業教育都是必要的，且不應該被簡化為一般性的通識教育。理解文化多樣性對於各層級的遺產教育和培訓課程極為重要，包括對專業人士和傳統匠師、成人和孩童。
Specialised education is necessary for each heritage discipline and should not be reduced to a generalist approach. An understanding of cultural diversity is essential in heritage education and training programmes at all levels – professionals and artisans; adults and children.
各級政府有責任於指認、評估和記錄遺產場所，並推廣大眾對其重大意義的認識。對傳統知識和實證文獻的連結，是執行這個趨向的基礎。 政府、機構和利益群體，應當善用廣泛的傳播科技和媒介，收集、分享和普及相關數據。
All levels of government have a responsibility to identify, assess and document heritage places, and to promote awareness of their significance. Access to traditional knowledge and evidence-based documentation is fundamental to this approach. A wide range of communication technologies and media should be utilized by governments, institutions and interested communities for collecting, sharing and disseminating data.
三、推動包容性的民主社群進程：民有、民治、民享
Promote inclusive democratic community processes: Of all the people, by all the people, for all the people
遺產是一種不可再生的資源。遺產往往由毗鄰國度和廣闊區域之間所共享，或者是反映與融合全球性的文化影響。
Heritage is a non-renewable resource. Heritage is often shared between neighbouring countries and larger regions and/or is a reflection and amalgamation of cultural influences across the world.
規劃整合傳統知識和跨文化對話的協作決策上，社區的參與有助於形成合理的解決方案以及資源的善用，進而呼應聯合國的永續發展的四大支柱。
Community participation in planning the integration of traditional knowledge and intercultural dialogue in collaborative decision-making facilitates well-reasoned solutions and good use of resources reflecting the four pillars of sustainability.
文化認同不應該妥協於制式且不周延的計畫。遺產資源的保護和維護應成為政策發展和規劃方案的基礎，整合遺產保存維護策略於更大目標的永續發展之內。具體的指導方針是必要的，以確保對遺產場域當代介入之和諧契合。
Cultural identities should not be compromised by uniform and insensitive planning. The protection and sustenance of heritage resources should be the basis of development policies and planning programmes, integrating heritage-conservation strategies within the larger goals of sustainable development. Specific guidance is necessary to ensure the harmonious insertion of contemporary interventions into heritage settings.
四、確保「活態遺產」的存續性：永續發展的態樣之一
Ensure continuity of living heritage: A condition of sustainable development
自然、文化和人類之間有著密切的關係。文化場所和景觀以及社區、其傳統體系和信仰共同構成了活態遺產和文化認同。
There is a close relationship between nature, culture and people. Cultural places and landscapes, along with communities, traditional systems and beliefs, constitute living heritage and cultural identity.
活態遺產的合宜妥善保存維護與管理，可以藉由社群合作的知識及技能跨世代的移轉傳承而獲致，並經由多學科專業知識而加速完成。
Appropriate conservation and management of living heritage is achievable through intergenerational transfer of knowledge and skills in cooperation with communities and facilitated by multidisciplinary expertise.
傳統的建築方法和社區結構具有內在的永續性，並受到時間推移的檢驗並成形。歷史聚落往往能有效地善用其有限的資源，積極透過互動與團結，並保護其文化的永續性。
Traditional building methods and community structures have inherent sustainability that has been tested and shaped over time. Historic settlements tend to use limited resources efficiently; favour interaction and solidarity; and secure cultural continuity.
守護遺產的責任已在各國家和各文化圈之間擴展。蓄意破壞導致抹滅文化認同是違反基本人權的行為。恢復文化對重建尊嚴意義極為重大。團結和支持合作應當擴及各個需要的文化，國家和社群。
The responsibility for safeguarding heritage extends between nations and cultures. Intentional destruction which aims to erase cultural identity is a breach of fundamental human rights. Cultural recovery is vital to regaining dignity. Solidarity and support should be extended to cultures, countries and communities in need.
認可和支持必須給予那些體現文化知識和技能的人們，以維繫活態遺產的長存不朽。
Recognition and support must be given to those persons who embody cultural knowledge and skills for there to be long-term perpetuation of living heritage.
保存你我承繼的多元文化及多面相遺產所具有的重大意義，並將其傳予後代子孫是我們的責任。吸引並培訓新世代於理解與保護我們活態與共享的遺產中所承續的價值，將會維繫先人豐富的傳承遺緒。
It is our duty to conserve the significance of the multicultural, multidimensional heritage we have inherited and hand it down to following generations. Engaging and training new generations in the understanding and protection of the inherited values of our living and shared heritage sustains the plural legacies of the past.
